土地流转:一个农村阶层结构再构过程

The Land Pass:a Reconstruction Process of the Countryside Social Stratum Structure

从某种意义上讲,地权变革是一个农村各阶层利益的再分配与重组过程,并不断重组着既有的社会阶层结构。近年逐渐兴盛的土地使用权流转作为一项重要的地权变革实践也正在深刻地重构当前中国农村社会阶层结构:一些农村社会群体(成员较多)借土地流转引发的职业结构变动获得了更多的资源和机会,实现了阶层地位的上向流动;也有些农村社会群体(成员较少)则因先天不足而沦入社会底层,并进一步边缘化;还有一些成员极少的社会群体借制度性的权力和以此织就的社会网络以及区位优势,垄断和控制了更多的社区资源和机会,形成和巩固了其超社区的精英地位。土地流转已经或正在成为农民实现流动的特殊社会阶梯,其重构的农村社会阶层结构亦开始呈现日渐定型化等新的特点和趋势。

In a sense, the land ownership transformation is a redistribution and the recombination process of the countryside various social strata＇s benefits, and it is unceasingly reorganizing the social class structure which already exists. This article discovers that the right land employment which is prosperous gradually in recent years, as an important practice of the land ownership transformation is also profoundly reconstructing current China countryside social class structure： some countryside social groups （members were more） has obtained more resources and opportunities owing to the change of occupational structure which resulted from the land pass and realized the up flow of social stratum status; some countryside social groups （members are less） fell into the social lowest class because of congenitally deficiency, comparatively further edge than before; There are still some members and a few social groups who have monopolized and controlled more community resources and opportunities by the system authority and the social network which weaved on as well as the geographical superiority, has formed and consolidated its ultra community＇s outstanding person status. The land pass has already become or is becoming the special social ladders that farmers realized mobility, its reconstructing social class structure of countryside also started to present stereótypia day after day and so on the new characteristic and tendency