广州地区铁路职工心身疾病发病率及心理社会因素分析

A survey on the prevalence and psychosocial factors of psychosomatic disease of railroad employee in Guangzhou

目的探讨广州地区铁路职工心身疾病流行病学特点及相关心理社会因素。方法随机抽取广州地区铁路职工1452人,采用一般问卷调查表、艾森克个性问卷和A型行为问卷调查评定,并进行血压、身高、体重、体重指数、血脂、血糖等测定分析。结果广州地区铁路职工心身疾病患病率为23.35%,男女分别为26.60%、17.44%,男性患病率明显高于女性(P<0.01);心身疾病患病率随年龄的增长而上升,以原发性高血压检出率最高;心身疾病患者的高血脂、饮酒、超重、神经质个性者检出率均显著高于正常组(P<0.05或0.01)。结论广州地区铁路职工心身疾病患病率男性高于女性;年龄、高血脂、饮酒、超重和神经质个性等是心身疾病的相关危险因素。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of psychosomatic disease and related psychosocial factors of railroad employees in Guangzhou. Methods 1452 railroad employees in Guangzhou were assessed with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）, Type A Behavior Pattern Scale （TABP）, and measured blood pressure, body height, body weight, body mass index, serum lipid, blood glucose. Results The prevalence of psychosomatic disease of railroad employees in Guangzhou were 23.35%, the prevalence of the male and the female were 26.60% and 17.44% respectively. The prevalence of male was higher than that of the female. With the increasing of their ages, the prevalence of psychosomatic disease increases, the detection rate of essential hypertension was most. The patients with psychosomatic disease had obviously higher blood lipid, drinking, over-weight and nervous personality than normal group. Con- clusion the prevalence of psychosomatic disease in the male was higher than that in the female. The related risk factors were age, hyperlipemia, drinking,overweight and neuroticism personality.