荒坡地开垦种植蜜橘后对土壤主要物理特性的影响

Effect of Exploitation of Citrus Gardens on Physical Property of Soil

测定了种植1年、2年、4年和6年的桔园内土壤含水量、容重、孔隙度、土壤温度、径流和渗流量,以探讨山丘陵地区栽种柑桔后对土壤主要物理特性的影响。结果表明,荒坡地开垦种植南丰蜜橘后,土壤含水量依次为1年园>6年园>2年园>4年园;土壤容重呈现先降低后增高,然后又降低的变化;土壤非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度的变化趋势则相反。不同处理径流流失养分量存在差异。以1年园最高,其它处理都低于对照区。荒坡地开发后,0-100cm渗流量随着种植年限增加而增加。研究表明,随着丘陵地区栽种柑桔,其土壤的土壤物理性状有所改善,水土流失得到有效控制,土壤蓄水能力有所提高。

The percentage of containing water in the soil,soil bulk density,soil non-capillary porosity,total soil capillary porosity, soil temperature, seepage and quantity of soil and water loss were determined for 1st , 2nd ,4th and 6th year-old citrus gardens and no-exploited garden （control） in Nanfeng city, Jiangxi province to analyze the effect of exploitation of the citrus gardens on the physical property of soil. The results showed that percentage of containing water in the soil increased from Ist year-old citrus garden to 6th ,2nd , and 4th year-old citrus gardens. And they are higher than control （no-exploited garden）. The changes on soil bulk density,soil non-capillary porosity and total soil capillary porosity decreased at first, and increased after then in 4 types of citrus gardens . The seepage from 0-100 cm in soil are enhanced with the increased of planting years. Largest quantity of soil and water loss in soil was found in 1st year-old citrus garden. But lower quantity of soil and water loss were observed in 6th ,2nd , and 4th year-old citrus gardens than in control （no-exploited garden）. Our results suggested that the physical property of soil would be improved, soil and water loss would be control and compatibility of water maintain would be enhanced in citrus gardens with the increased of planting years.