构建高校文学教学自主学习模式的探索

The Autonomous Learning Pattern in Literature Teaching in Universities and Colleges

文科大学生自主学习教学模式是针对目前国内高校教学中还普遍存在教师满堂灌和以注入式为主的教学方式而提出的。学生在学习上的死记硬背,不求甚解,学习目的被短视为对考试分数的盲目追求,造成学习上缺乏热情、兴趣,缺乏个性和创造性,学生的学习兴趣与求知欲被扼杀,更不用说自主的探究性学习。自主学习是引导学生做学习的主人,从而获得主动发展的一种教育教学思想和学习方式,是推进素质教育、培养学生创新精神和实践能力的一种实践。文章从高校文科自身的特点及教育环境的影响方面论述了开展学生自主学习的必然与可能,总结了“教师导学——探索性活动——评价反馈”的自主学习教学模式,构建了学校开展自主学习的支持系统。

Research into the teaching model for fostering autonomous learning of liberal arts students is aimed against those teacher-centered and spoon-fed teaching methods currently dominated in tertiary education in China, which cause students to learn by rote memory, to be content with superficial understanding, and to demand blindly the high exam mark as their learning goal. Consequently students have been deprived of opportunities to develop individuality and creativity, and they show no enthusiasm and motivation in learning, let alone autonomous inquiry learning. Autonomous learning embodies a certain philosophy of education and learning model, which is to drive students to take responsibility for their own learning and to acquire the capacity for serf-directed development. Therefore it is a practice aimed at pushing forward the education for all-round development and fostering students＇ innovative spirit and practical ability. This paper discusses the necessities and possibilities of developing autonomous learning from the perspectives of the inherent characteristics of tertiary liberal arts and the influences of educational settings, puts forward the teaching model comprising ＂teacher＇s guidance, inquiry activities, evaluation and feedback＂ for fostering autonomous learning, and establishes the supporting framework for facilitating autonomous learning in tertiary educhtion.