艾的挥发性物质化感作用研究

Allelopathic potentials of volatiles from Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.Prodr

艾是我国常见的菊科多年生杂草,也是草本药用植物。研究表明,艾的茎叶在密闭系统中产生的挥发性物质对稗草、三叶鬼针草和青葙的幼苗生长有显著抑制作用。稗草的根长、苗高和鲜重分别比对照减少43.3%、30.8%和35.7%,三叶鬼针草分别比对照减少29.2%、30.0%和29.5%,青葙分别比对照减少26.3%、15.4%和27.9%。水蒸汽蒸馏法所得的挥发油对稗草、三叶鬼针草和青葙的幼苗生长也有显著抑制作用。稗草的根长、苗高和鲜重分别比对照减少71.5%、54.8%和30.5%,三叶鬼针草根长、苗高和鲜重分别比对照减少40.9%、49.2%和39.1%,青葙根长、苗高和鲜重分别比对照减少78.8%、29.1%和34.1%。结果显示,艾挥发物对邻近植物可能产生化感作用。

Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.Prodr is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The volatiles released from leaves and stems of A. lavandulaefolia in an airproof system ,significantly inhibited the seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli, Bidens pilosa and Celosia argentea. Compared to the corresponding control, root length, shoot length and fresh weight decreased by 43.3%, 30.8% and 35.7% for Echinochloa crusgalli, 29.2%,30.0% and 29.5% for Bidenspilosa, and 26.3%, 15.4% and 27.9% for Celosia argentea L. Volatile oil obtained from the steam distillation of fresh leaves and stems also significantly inhibited the seedling growth of the three tested weed species. Compared to the corresponding control, root length, shoot length and flesh weight decreased by 71.5%,54.8% and 30.5% for E. crusgalli, 40.9%,49.2% and 39.1% for B. pilosa, and 78.8%, 29.1% and 34.1% for C. argentea L, The results indicate that volatiles from A. lavandulaefolia have allelopathic potentials against weeds.