轮纹病菌侵染对不同抗性苹果品种膜透性及防御酶的影响

The effects of infection of Botryosphaeria berengriana f.sp. piricola on cell membrane permeability and defendant enzymes in different resistance cultivars of apple

对轮纹病菌Botryosphaeria berengriana f.sp.piricola侵染3个不同抗性苹果品种枝条后的细胞膜透性及防御酶系的变化进行了测定,以分析其与抗性的关系。结果表明,接种后38天内,3个品种电解质渗出率均有先升后降的趋势,鸡冠、国光和富士电解质渗出率变化的峰值分别为8.1%、12.2%和18.4%,抗病品种鸡冠的变化明显低于感病品种富士和国光。接种后35天内,苯丙氨酸解氨酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶也表现为先升后降的趋势,且抗病品种的峰值出现较晚。抗病品种鸡冠的苯丙氨酸解氨酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性变化峰值分别为234、50.88U·g-1FW·h-1和14.22U·g-1FW·min-1,高于国光和富士,而多酚氧化酶活性变化的峰值为37.78U·g-1FW·min-1,低于感病品种国光和富士。

At several stages after inoculated by Botryosphaeria berengriana f. sp. piricola. , three cuhivars of apple, with different levels of resistance to apple ring rot disease on stem, were analysed for the cell membrane permeability and activities of defendant enzymes. Within 38 days after inoculation, the change of electrolyte leakage rate （ELR） of three apple cuhivars showed similar trend, increased at first and followed by a decrease. The maximum changes of ELR of Jiguan, Ralls and Fuji reached 8.1%, 12.2% and 18.4% respectively. The change was lower in resistant cultivar （Jiguan） than in susceptible culti vars （Fuji and Ralls）. The change of phenylanine ammonialyase （PAL）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and polyphenoloxidase （PPO） in three apple cultivars showed the induced peaks fol- lowing the inoculation and the peak of resistant cuhivar （Jiguan） appeared later than susceptible cuhivars -I （Rails and Fuji）. The maximum changes of PAL, SOD and POD of Jiguan reached 234, 50.88 U · g^-1FW · h^ -1 and 14.22 U ·g^-1FW·min^-1 respectively and were higher than those of Rails and Fuji. The maximum change of PPO of Jiguan was 37.78 U ·g^-1 FW·min^-1 , lower than those of Rails and Fuji.