施磷量对不同类型专用小麦籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的影响

Effects of phosphorus application amount on grain protein and its components contents in wheat varieties for different end uses

以强筋小麦中优9507、中筋小麦扬麦12号、弱筋小麦扬麦9号为供试材料,在缺磷土壤(速效磷含量为4.10 m g.kg-1)上以施磷量为试验因素,研究施磷量对小麦籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的影响。结果表明:施磷能显著调控小麦籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量。不同类型小麦品种施磷量与籽粒蛋白质含量均呈抛物线关系,适量施磷可增加蛋白质含量而改善中、强筋小麦籽粒品质,不同施磷量处理弱筋小麦籽粒的蛋白质含量均小于115 m g.g-1,符合国家标准GB/T 17893-1999;施磷对不同类型小麦品种籽粒蛋白质各组分含量的调控幅度不一,主要增加中、强筋小麦籽粒谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白含量以及弱筋小麦籽粒谷蛋白含量。综合考虑施磷量对不同类型专用小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响,在设计的试验条件下,强筋小麦适宜施磷(P2O5)量为144 kg.hm-2,中、弱筋小麦为108 kg.hm-2。

Effects of phosphorus （P） application amount on grain protein and its components contents in wheat varieties for different end uses, viz strong-gluten wheat Zhongyou 9507, medlum-gluten wheat Yangmai 12 and weak-gluten wheat Yangmai 9, were studied in P deficient soil （4.10 mg·kg^-1 available P）. The results showed that P application could significantly affect grain protein and its components content. The relation between P application amount and grain protein content in all cultivars tested could be expressed by a parabolic equation, which indicated that the reasonable application of P could increase protein content in strong and medium-gluten wheat, and keep protein content in weak gluten wheat below 115 mg·g^-1. Compared with phosphorus-free treatment, P application amount mainly regulated gliadin and glutenlin contents in strong-gluten, and medium-gluten wheat as well as glutenlin content in weak-gluten wheat. For strong-gluten wheat Zhongyou 9507, the appropriate P application amount in P deficient soil was 144 kg·hm^-2 P2Os, and for mediumgluten wheat Yangmai 12 and weak-gluten wheat Yangmai 9, the ideal amount was 108 kg·hm^-2 P2O5.