张家界国家森林公园水环境评价

Evaluation of water environment in Zhangjiajie National Forestry Park

为了探明旅游开发利用对张家界国家森林公园水体质量的影响,该研究调查分析了张家界国家森林公园水体污染源的种类、数量及分布,利用公园已有的水体质量监测数据及实测所得数据,对公园水体质量进行了评价.结果表明,公园水体污染源主要为接待区的宾馆、酒店及当地住户,污染物主要为剩菜饭渣、洗刷污水,受影响较大的水质指标为BOD5、DO、NH3-N、COD、MnO4+、总磷及类大肠菌等.受以上污染物的影响,作为公园主景区之一的金鞭溪的水质发生了明显的变化,其上、中游水质已降为二级.为了保护公园环境,必须减少污水排放量,并将所有污水集中处理达标后再排放.同时,还应将部分污染不达标的接待设施关闭或迁出景区.

In order to explore the recreational development effects on the water quality in Zhanejiajie National Forestry Park in Hunan Province of China, this paper investigated and analyzed the kinds, amount and distribution of water pollutants. With the available monitoring data, the water quality of the park was evaluated. The results showed that the main pollution sources were hotels, restaurants and local dwellers, the main pollutants were leftovers and washing sewage, and the most affected water indices were BODs, DO, NH3-N, COD, MnO4^＋ , total P and taxon coliform and etc. Affected by the pollutants mentioned above, the water quality of Golden Whip Brook, one of the main scenic spots of the park, changed obviously, and that of the upper and middle reaches of the brook decreased to Class Ⅱ. To protect the environment of the park, the discharge of waste water must be lowered, and all the sewage must be collected and dealt to reach the discharging standard. At the same time, it is necessary to close up or move some reception facilities which discharge waste water under the standard.