控制性分根交替滴灌下玉米蒸腾速率的比较研究

Study on the Transpiration Rate of Maize under the Alternative Drip Irrigation for the Control of Root

以盆栽玉米为试材，研究控制性分根交替滴灌供水方式下，不同处理蒸腾速率的日变化。结果表明，晴好天气下，玉米单叶蒸腾速率的日变化均呈“M”型曲线。其中AI2在上午9：00～12：00变化较平稳，下午13：00达到峰值，为单峰曲线，FI2为双峰曲线，峰值分别出现在上午10：00和下午13：00，AI2和FI2处理的峰值出现时间比其他3种处理提前1h左右，AI2除16：00外的蒸腾速率均低于FI2，其平均差值高达0．301mmol／（m^2·s）；AI1、FI2和CK3种处理变化趋势基本一致，均成不对称的“M”型，最高点和最低点均出现在同一时间且上午变化幅度大于下午，AI1除8：00、18：00外蒸腾速率均小于CK、除8：00、11：00外均小于FI1。1d的平均蒸腾速率AI1明显低于CK和FI1，分别为CK、FI1的84．78％、82．98％，可见AI1处理可有效地降低作物的蒸腾速率，比CK下降0．28mmol／（m^2·s）。初步表明控制性分根交替滴灌是一种高效可行的节水新技术。

The diurnal change of transpiration rate of maize in different disposals was studied in potted experiment under the alternative drip irrigation for the control of root. The results showed that the single leaf transpiration role of maize in different disposal showed ＂M＂ type in fme day. The diurnal change of AI2 showed the single peak and the smooth change from 9：00 to 12：00 and FI2 showed two peaks. The peak value of AI2 and 1712 appeared earlier about one hour than that of CK, AI1 and FI1 .Except 16：00, the transpiration rate of AI2 was lower than that of FI2 and the average different value was 0.301 mmol/（m^2·s） .The daily change of AI1 ,FI1 and CK showed the asymmetric ＂M＂ type, the tiptop and nadir appeared at the same time and the change range in morning was higher than that in aftemoon.Except 8：00 and 18：00,the transpiration rate of AI1 was lower than that of CK.Except 8：00 and 11.00,the transpiration rate of AI1 was lower than that of FI1. As the daily average transpiration, AI1 was lower than CK and FI1 clearly. AI1 can reduce the transpiration rate effectively, which proved that the altemative drip irrigation for the control of root was a practicable technique of water-saving.