从马拉色菌毛囊炎患者皮损和非皮损区分离和鉴定马拉色菌

Isolation and Identification of Malassezia Species from Patients with Malassezia Folliculitis

目的研究马拉色菌毛囊炎患者皮损区和非皮损区马拉色菌菌种的检出以及菌种的构成。方法采用菜子油培养基,根据菌落形态和生理生化特点进行菌种鉴定。结果从毛囊内共分离出326株马拉色菌,其中球形马拉色菌255株,占78.22%;合轴马拉色菌54株,占16.56%;糠秕马拉色菌17株,占5.22%。从皮损部位疹间皮肤皮屑分离马拉色菌298株,其中合轴马拉色菌221株,占74.16%;糠秕马拉色菌43株,占14.43%;球形马拉色菌30株,占10.07%;钝形马拉色菌4株,占1.34%。菌种检出率和菌种构成差异均有显著性(P<0.05和P<0.0001)。结论球形马拉色菌是马拉色菌毛囊炎的优势致病菌,正常皮肤则以合轴马拉色菌为主。

Objective To identify and analyze the occurrence of Malassezia species in the lesion and non-lesion skin areas in patients with Malassezia folliculitis. Methods Rapeseed oil containing media were used for the cultivation of Malassezia fungi, Identification was made based on their physiological and morphological characteristics. Results Three Malassezia species were identified from 326 isolates obtained from the skin lesion, in which 255 isolates were identified as M. globosa （78.22%） ,54 isolates were M. syrnpodialis （16.56%）, and 17 isolates were M. furfur （5.22%）. Four Malassezia species were identified from 298 isolates obtained from non-lesion skin, in which 221 isolates were identified as M. syrnpodialis （74.16%）, 43 isolates were M. furfur （14.43%）, 30 isolates were M. globosa （10.07%）, and 4 isolates were M. obtuse （1.34%）. The identification rate and distribution of Malassezia fungi in the lesion areas were significantly different from the non-lesion skin areas （P〈0.05 and P〈0.0001, respectively）. Conclusion M. globosa is the major species of Malassezia fungi found in the folliculus pigs in the skin lesion. However, the predominant species of Malassezia fungi found on the non-lesion skin is M. sympodialis.