奶牛乳腺免疫与乳腺炎易感性研究进展

The Research Progress of Bovine Mammary Gland Immunity and Mastitis Susceptibility

奶牛乳腺炎是危害奶牛养殖业最常见的疾病之一,给奶牛生产造成巨大的经济损失。其乳腺防御机理、发病机理虽取得了一定的研究成果,但深层次的一些问题仍然未能弄清楚,在这方面还需继续进行大量的研究工作。现就国内外奶牛乳腺自我防御方面的一些机理进行讨论,从乳汁血液当中的免疫活性细胞、体液因子、细胞因子等对乳腺防御方面的功能作详尽的叙述,尤其对泌乳周期中各种白细胞群的分布、功能以及影响奶牛围产期阶段免疫机能下降的一些因素作了分析,对了解和预防奶牛乳腺炎的发生具有一定的参考和应用价值。

The mastitis of dairy cow is one of the most common disease that cause great economic loss in dairy production. Although some progress was made in the past on the mechanisms of defense and pathogens is of the disease, study on the disease is still needed to go further. It reviews achievements obtained on studies of the defense mechanism against the disease, including the active immune cells, humor factors and cell factors in blood and mile, which function in the mammary gland protection. Distribution and function of the white cells, as well as factors resulting in decrease on immunity during lactation are discussed. All above is applicable in precaution ofmastitis.