精神科儿少住院患者的42年资料回顾

Retrospective study of data of child and adolescent inpatients during 42 years in Shanghai

目的了解从1958年8月本院正式成立儿童精神科以来,42年中儿童住院病人的情况,以掌握及了解儿童和少年精神障碍的发展趋势。方法从1958年8月到2000年9月之间住院的所有病人的病历共1327份,逐一记载所需资料内容,并将所有资料进行分析。结果患儿年龄主要集中在13—14岁,并涉及3—16岁各年龄段。以儿童和少年期最多,文化程度以初中和小学居多。在早期,精神障碍诊断不规范,90年代后,诊断趋于标准化,位于前五位的诊断是：精神分裂症、精神发育迟滞、脑器质性精神障碍、情感性精神障碍、行为障碍。90年代以来,每年住院儿童病人数量均呈增长趋势。结论在住院期间,儿童少年病人既要接受治疗,又需进行儿童间交友训练,而在成人精神科病房,在这一点上不能满足住院患儿的需要,不利于儿童和少年的综合治疗,所以在我院开设儿童青少年病房有重要的意义。

Objective： The aim of the study is to understand the developing trend of child and adolescent inpatients from 1958 to 2000 in Shanghai. Methods： The samples were recruited randomly from recorders over the past 42 years and 1327 cases were recorded each year. Results：The age of the patients had a wide range from 3 to 16, most of them were in the period of child and adolescent as well as the students in primary and secondary school. The most common diseases were schizophrenia, mental retardation, organic psychosis, affective psychosis and conduct disorder. The number of inpatients had heen increasing gradually annually. Conclusion：The inpatients need multi - therapy. Not only be treated, the inpatients hut also need social intercourse training during in the in - patient department, so child and adolescent psychiatry inpatients unfit in adult ward. And it is important to set up child and adolescent psychiatric ward.