218例新生儿窒息相关因素分析

Analysis of relational factors of 218 neonatal asphyxia

目的：探讨新生儿窒息的产科高危因素，进行临床防治，降低新生儿死亡率及致残率。方法：回顾性分析2002年11月-2005年7月在本院出生218例新生儿窒息的临床资料。结果：脐带因素是导致胎儿宫内窘迫主要原因。早产、胎位异常、娩肩及娩头困难、妊娠高血压病、胎盘早剥、横位、二程延长等均为新生儿窒息的高危因素。结论：新生儿窒息往往是由多种产科因素作用的结果。因此，做好产前检查，预防并及时处理有关并发症；加强产程中监护，对于胎心监护异常、有难产倾向病例，尽早处理，可减少新生儿窒息，提高产科质量。

Objective： To study the obstetrical factors of neonatal asphyxia and to perform positively clinical control and to reduce mortality rate and case -fatality rate of neonates. Methods： Clinical data of 218 patients with neonatal asphyxia during November 2002 to July 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. Results： The main risk factors of neonatal asphyxia were umbilical cord, preterm labor, abnormal position, difficult of deliver shoulder and head, hypertension states of pregnancy, abruptio placentae , second stage prolonged. Conclusion： All kinds of factors result neonatal asphyxia in obstetrics, we should make prenatal health care and prevent and deal with complication. We should enhance monitor during stage of labor and deal with abnormal fetal heart monitoring and tendency of difficult labor as early as possible for reducing neonatal asphyxia and improving the obstetrical quality.