胶陀螺(Bulgaria inquinans)的生药学研究

Study on Pharmacognosy of Bulgaria inquinans

对胶陀螺药材性状、显微特点、理化特性和分子鉴定等方面研究结果表明,子实体初期呈黄褐色球形,并带有黄棕色麻点,顶端逐渐开裂,产生一至多个不等的裂口,裂口不断扩大,最后整个子实体表面呈黑色皱缩。子囊棒形。外囊盘被由圆形细胞组成,圆形细胞外侧生绒毛,细胞内含类似载色体的物质;中囊盘被由埋在胶质中的交错菌丝组成。采用子囊孢子弹射分离法所得菌丝有橘黄色菌丝和长有棒状等分生孢子的有隔菌丝无色;从子实体组织分离培养的菌丝状,无色,其中生有黑褐色或黄棕色的圆形细胞,呈念珠状。胶陀螺子实体DNA序列与菌丝DNA序列的同源性为99.65%,胶陀螺子实体的DNA序列与GenBank数据库中AY789345比对,其同源性为99.80%。

The characteristic, microscopic trait, physichemical trait and molecular identification of Bulgaria inquinans were studied. The results showed that the fruit bodies were snuff color and dotted with yellowish brown pits at the beginning, and then their upper side split into one or several pores, at last the surface of body turned black and crimpled. The asci ate cylindrical or clubbed in shape, the ectal excipulum is made up of circular cells with hairs on the outside which contains chromophore-like substance, the medullary excipulum consists of interlaced mycelia imbedded in gelatine. The saffron yellow mycelia and septatus achromatous mycelia with growth clubbed conidium were gained by ascospore discharging method. The mycelia obtained by fruit body tissue method were hyaline and filamentous, some mycelia composed of circular cell became bead-like, dark brown or yellowish. The similarity between the DNA sequences from ftmgal fruit body and mycelia was 99.65%. After comparing the DNA sequences from fruit body and AY789345 in GenBank, their similarity was found to be 99.80%.