基于GIS的农村公共卫生区划——以河南省为例

RESEARCH ON RURAL PUBLIC HEALTH REGIONALIZATION BASED ON GIS——A Case Study of Henan Province

农村公共卫生问题所包含的深远意义并不只是体现在“三农”方面,而是涉及国计民生乃至全人类的生存与发展,解决好农村公共卫生问题对社会的稳定和发展至关重要。公共卫生区划是公共卫生评估和管理的重要内容。作者根据影响农村公共卫生状况的因素,提出一个农村公共卫生评价模型,以及利用GIS对农村公共卫生状况进行区划的方法,并在对河南省农村地区进行了抽样调查的基础上进行了研究。

Rural public health is significant not only to ＂problems concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers＂, but also to national economy and the people＇ livelihood and subsistence and development of human being. A nicer rural public health is very important to stabilization and development of the society. Regionalization of public health is essential content of the evaluation and management of public health. Based on analyzing many factors, which affects rural public health, the paper puts forward a model of evaluating rural public health and a method of regionalizing an area＇s public health by using GIS. First of all, we made a spot check about rural public health in one hundred and twenty-eight villages of forty-nine counties in eighteen zones of Henan province and obtained large numbers of first-hand datum. The author evaluated rural public health in surveyed areas by using the model above and got each area＇s synthetical grade, then spatially located each area＇s synthetical grade on the map and interpolated the data by using the IDW method. Based on the result above, the author established a DTM model using the synthetical grade as the third dimension in three-dimensional space, and got isoline from it by using GIS software. And using the isoline, Henan province can be regionalized. Eventually, overlayed the level regionalized map and administrative regionalized map in county level, and adjusted the borderline of level by using a indication factor, then a rural public health level regionalized map came into being.