黎庶昌及其《古逸丛书》考论

On the Li Su-Chang and GuYi Series

光绪七年(1881)黎庶昌出任日本公使期间,在其随员杨守敬的配合下,搜访了大量国内亡佚而复见于日本的善本古籍,汇刻成《古逸丛书》,受到海内外士林的普遍赞誉,至今仍有搜访、整理、汇辑、校刻文献的示范性典型意义。本文爬梳填籍,勾稽史料,详细叙述了黎庶昌搜访刊刻《古逸丛书》的具体经历,并以《日本国见在书目》、《玉篇》、《文馆词林》、《姓解》、《史略》、《太平寰宇记》诸书为例,逐条撮述流传原委,考证版本真伪,辨别异同得失,同时也订正了今人如余嘉锡、郑天挺等人的一些讹误。从中不仅可以如实了解《古逸丛书》的文献价值,而且也可以重新评价黎庶昌使“数千百年坠简复还旧观”的学术贡献。

The seven years of Guang XU （AD1881） , during Li Su-chang took up the post of the Japan minister, with the help of his retinue Yang Shou-Jing, Li Su-chang searched for a lot of rare editions that were scattered and disappear in home but existed in Japan, and compiled the GuYi Series. the GuYi Series is received widespread recognition, and take on the typicalness significance of searching, arranging, compiling, and collating the literatures up to the present. The article collect the literature, search for the historical materials, detailedly discourse upon the idiographic experience of Li Su-Chang searching for the GuFi Series, and discuss reasons of spreading one by one, textual research true and false of the editions, distinguish the similarities and differences and the success and failure by the example of the Series of bibliotheca being in Japan, YuPian, WenGuanCiLin, XingJie, ShiLve, TaiPingHuanYuJi and so on. At the same time, the article corrects the error of modem people such as Yu Jia-xi, Zheng Tian-ting, etc. From the article we not only can realize the genuine value of GuYi Series, but also can transvalue the Li Su-chang＇s scientific attainments.