抑郁症自杀行为与个性特征的关系

Personality characteristics and suicidal behaviors in patients with major depression

目的:探讨抑郁症自杀行为与自卑、幸福感及个性特征之间相互关系。方法:选择2002-02/2004-02期间于山东省安康医院住院治疗的抑郁症患者为实验对象。符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版。性别不限,年龄15～65岁,排除器质性和其他精神障碍,仅有自杀意念而无自杀行为者不于入组。据病史中1年内或本次住院期间有无自杀行为,分为研究组和对照组。研究组105例,男48例,女57例;对照组105例,男45例,女60例。两组受试者均能配合测试,在年龄、性别、文化程度等人口学资料方面经卡方检验差异不显著。采用汉密顿抑郁量表、美国国立卫生统计中心制订的总体幸福感量表和缺陷感量表为测试工具。总体幸福感量表得分越高,幸福度越高;而缺陷感量表得分越低缺陷感越强,也就是自尊程度越差。检测单独进行,统一指导语,固定两名精神科主治医师现场具体指导,受检者据实情填写。结果:210例抑郁患者的测试数据均进入结果分析。总体幸福感量表和缺陷量表总分及各因子分研究组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);汉密顿抑郁量表总分及体重因子、日夜变化因子和睡眠障碍因子得分研究组与对照组无明显差异,而焦虑/躯体化因子、认知障碍因子、绝望感因子得分研究组显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:抑郁症自杀行为与自卑、幸福感及个性特征之间有密切的关系。

AIM- To explore the interrelation of suicidal behaviors with inferiority, eudemonia and personality characteristics in major depression patients. METHODS： The experimental subjects were major depression patients hospitalized at Shandong Ankang Hospital during February 2002 and February 2004, who accorded with Chinese Classification of Mental Disorder-Third Version （CCMD-3）..The patients of unlimited sex and aged 15- 65 years were divided into two groups by with or without suicidal behaviors in one-year history or hospitalization, and those with organic mental disorder and suicidal idea only were excluded, Patients group： 105 cases （male 48, female 57）; Control group： 105 cases （male 45, female 60）. They demonstrated the insignificant difference in age, sex and educational level, etc. demographic data by chi-square test. All the testees were tested by Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression （HRSD）, General Well-Being Schedule （GWB） and The Feelings of Inadequacy Scale （FIS） formulated by the Statistical Center of National Institutes of Health in America. The higher score of GWB indicated the higher fortunate degree; While the lower score of FIS implied the stronger feeling of disfigurement and the weaker self-respect. The assessment was progressed by singlehanded under the unified instructions. There were two attending psychiatrists in charge of certain case for locale guidance, and the testees filled in the questionnaires actually. RESULTS： Totally 210 major depression patients entered into the result analysis. The scores of total and factorial of GWB and FIS were significantly lower in major depression patients than in controls （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. There was no significant difference in HRSD score, weight, diumal variation and sleep disorder between major depression patients and controls. But the scores of anxiety/somatization, cognitive disturbance and hopelessness were notably higher in major depression patients than in controls （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： The suicidal behaviors are closely related with inferiority, eudemonia and personality characteristics in patients with major depression.