宾州忧虑问卷在中国大学生人群中的初步修订

Initial revision of Penn State Worry Questionnaire in Chinese college students

目的:考察宾州忧虑问卷在中国非临床样本中的因素结构,并检验宾州忧虑问卷的总分和各素分的性别差异。方法:于2005-11选择北京大学2002～2005级的本科生677人为量表结构分析和一致性信度检验的测试样本。第一次施测8周后选择2004级本科生40人作为重测样本。调查问卷包括宾州忧虑问卷(16个项目,各项目均采取5点程度评估);Padua问卷(包括60个项目,各项目均采取5点程度评估,包含4个因素,因素Ⅰ:思维失控与怀疑感。因素Ⅱ:污染。因素Ⅲ:检查。因素Ⅳ:受驱使与行为失控感);状态特质焦虑问卷(状态焦虑量表和特质焦虑量表两个分量表共40个描述题组成,用来测量个体作为人格特质的焦虑倾向);贝克抑郁问卷(评价抑郁的严重程度,4级评分,总分范围为0～39分)。采用集体测试采集数据。结果:发放问卷677份,全部收回且合格,均进入结果分析。①探索性因素分析获得宾州忧虑问卷的2个因素:一般焦虑和焦虑缺失。②宾州忧虑问卷信度检验:总分的α系数为0.89,一般焦虑和焦虑缺失的α系数分别为0.91,0.69,重测信度分别为0.72,0.55。③宾州忧虑问卷的总分及一般焦虑和焦虑缺失因素的得分与状态特质焦虑问卷总分,贝克抑郁量表总分,Padua强迫问卷的因素1(思维失控与怀疑感)得分有较高的相关,说明有良好的汇聚效度。④男女被试在宾州忧虑问卷总分及一般焦虑和焦虑缺失因素得分差异无显著性意义。结论:宾州忧虑问卷在中国大学生人群中具备合格的信度和汇聚效度,需进一步研究其区分效度。

AIM： To investigate the factor-structure of Penn State Worry Questionnaire （PSWQ）in Chinese non-clinical samples, and detect the differences in total score and scores of each factor of PSWQ between different sex. METHODS： 677 college students of 2002/2005 grade at November 2005 were selected from Peking University for analysis of PSWQ structure and consistence reliability. Forty college students of 2004 were selected for second test at 8 weeks after the first test. Each subject answered a series of questionnaires including PSWQ （containing 16 items, each was evaluated by 5 factors）, Padua Inventory （60 items, each was evaluated by 5 factors, including 4 factors. Factor Ⅰ： impaired control in thought and easy to suspect. Factor Ⅱ： pollution. Factor Ⅲ： checking. Factor Ⅳ, feeling of being droved and lack control）, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory （two scales including 40 items, which were used to measure the anxious tendency of traits.）; Beck Depression Inventory （including 4 grades with the total scores ranged 0-39 scores, which was used to evaluate the degree of depression.）, All the data were collected through collective tests. RESULTS： A total of 677 questionnaires were sent out, qualified, retrieved and involved in the analysis of results,①Two factors of PSWQ were obtained from explosive factor analysis： ②Test of reliability of PSWQ： the coefficient of total score α was 0.89, and coefficients of general anxiety and worried absence were 0.91 and 0,69 respectively. The test-retest correlations were 0,72,0,55 respectively.③The total score of PSWQ and its factor score were highly correlated with the total score of State and Trait Anxiety Inventory （STAI）, Beck Depression Inventory （BDI）, and the impaired control over mental activities/doubting factor of Padua Inventory （PI）, which demonstrated excellent criterion-related validity.④There was no significant difference in total score and factor score of PSWQ between both sexes, CONCLUSION： The PSWQ has eligible psychometric reliability and criterion-related validity in Chinese college students, but further study must be done to discriminate its validity.