明渠断面水流流速与边界剪切应力横向分布模型

Depth-averaged model for lateral distribution of flow velocity and boundary shear stress in an open channel

天然河流的横断面多为由主槽和漫滩组成的复式断面,水流在这种断面中比在单一断面中受到更多因素影响,流态也更加复杂。通过将明渠横断面上微元体在水流方向的N-S控制方程沿水深积分,得出描述垂线平均流速和边界剪切应力横向分布的模型,并通过对实验数据的验证,确定了模型的实用性。

Most cross-sections of natural rivers are compound ones composed of main river channels and flood plains. Flows in these sections are affected by many factors as compared with those in single sections, and flow patterns become more complicated. The N-S control equation for the micro-elements in flow direction in the cross section was integrated along the water depth, and thus a numerical model reflecting the lateral distribution of depth-averaged velocity and boundary shear stress was worked out. The practicability of the model was verified by comparison with the experimental data.