止于正义与超越正义——慈继伟正义观述评

Commitment to Justice and Transcendence of Justice——On Ci Ji-wei's idea about justice

正义之所以为正义而有别于纯粹利他主义和纯粹利己主义之处在于:正义的条件性,即一个人遵守正义之规范以他人对正义的遵守为前提和条件,正义不是最高,但是最好。同时,作为道德命令,正义又必须是无条件的,即每个人都必须把正义作为义务而绝对遵守,不论其他人是否也能做到。条件性和无条件性同为正义的两面。这样矛盾着的两个方面得以并存有赖于条件性的转移和超越。只有高于正义,才能实现正义。慈继伟在《正义的两面》一书中所表达的这一正义观,对推进当前中国的道德建设具有启发意义。

Justice is different from altruism and egoism. The distinction lies in its conditionality, i.e. one follows the rule of justice as the precondition of others＇ adherence to it. Justice is not the best but even the better rule. Yet, on the other hand, as a moral order, it must be unconditional, i.e. everyone is obliged to follow it as an obligation, no matter others can make it or not. Its two sides can co - exist, depending on its transfer and transcendence. Only when it is beyond justice can we realize it. The idea about justice in the book, entitled The Two Faces of Justice by Ci Ji - wei, is of great value for the promotion of the present moral construction in China.