论消费者剩余的产生对资源配置的影响

Influence of Consumer Surplus on Resource Disposition

消费者剩余是马歇尔在面对欲望及其满足问题时为了更好地处理价格与效用之间的关系而提出来的一个概念。以此概念作为理论切入点,通过对消费者剩余产生原因的探讨以及相关理论分析,进而讨论消费者剩余的产生对资源配置的影响,提出市场配置资源方式下的资源损耗由两部分所组成:市场价格机制内的和游离于市场价格机制之外的或者说被货币所衡量出来的和没有被货币所衡量出来的。当市场价格机制中存在着游离于价格机制之外的效用损耗时,完全竞争的资源配置方式及其理论充当了资源加速消耗的发动机和加速器。

Consumer surplus is a concept advanced by Marshall about the relationship between price and effectiveness. Starting with the concept of consumer surplus, this paper makes an analysis of the reasons for consumer surplus and the influence of consumer surplus on resource disposition. Resource damage and spoilage in market disposition resource includes two parts： damage and spoilage of resources inside and outside market price mechanism. When effectiveness damage and spoilage outside market price mechanism occurs, resource distribution model in severe competitions as well as resource distribution theory accelerate damage and spoilage of resources.