新时期马克思主义哲学的三种命名观点及其思想史意义

Three Nomenclatures and their Significance of Marxist Philosophy in the New Era

新中国建立以后,马克思主义哲学成了政党意识形态的理论基础,经由教科书表述的马克思主义哲学体系,被称之为“辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义”。由“新时期”开启的社会转型,使原有的理论规范日渐缺乏解释力,在关于什么是马克思主义哲学精神实质的理论探讨中,出现了三种颇具影响的命名观点。命名观点歧异的原因在于研究者所依据的理论视角和思维模式不同。就文化内涵而言,马克思主义哲学的命名问题为主体性原则的确立提供了理论依据,但也凸显了类主体性和个体主体性之间的紧张。

Since the establishment of the People＇s Republic, Marxist philosophy has been interpreted by the mainstream partisan ideology as ＂dialectic materialism and historical materialism＂. The changes in social and economic structure are beginning to invalidate this interpretation and many thinkers are now attempting to rename this philosophy. So far there are three different nomenclatures, each coming from a distinct theoretical perspective and thinking style. While it helps provide theoretical foundations for the establishment of subject principle, the new nomenclature makes the tension between categorical subject and individual subject more conspicuous.