腰椎椎弓峡部裂的应力分析

Analysis of stress in spondylolysis of lumbar spine

[目的]探讨腰椎椎弓峡部裂发病的力学因素，为治疗与预防腰椎峡部裂提供参考。[方法]采用三维有限元方法建立完整的脊柱腰段（L1-5）有限元模型，分析7种不同姿势下腰段脊柱椎弓峡部的应力分布情况。[结果]各椎弓峡部应力值由L1-5逐渐增大，椎弓峡部在前屈、后伸位均出现明显的应力集中，其中后伸位时应力值最大。[结论]椎弓峡部裂的发生是峡部长期高应力刺激的结果，而且与腰椎后伸关系最为密切。

[ Objective] To investigate the biomechanical pathogenesis of lumbar spondylolysis, and to provide theoretical basis and scientific foundation for the treatment prevention of lumbar spondylolysis. [ Method ] The three dimension analytical method of finite element was used to set up a 3-D finite element model of whole lumbar vertebral column and to investigate the stress distribution of seven different posture in isthmus of lumbar spine. [ Result] The stress of vertebral isthmus increased from L, -5 gradually. The concentration phenomenon of the stress prominently appeared in anteflexion and postextension, with the largest postextension position. [ Conclusion ] Spondylolysis may be caused by the long-term hazard stress on the lumbar isthmus, in high relation with postextension of lumbar spine.