管辖权异议:回归原点与制度修正

Challenge for Jurisdiction:Returning to the Origin and Perfecting the System

人们关于管辖权异议的讨论存在着疏远制度目的和价值的问题,从而贬损了讨论的实际意义和价值,因此,应当回归此制度的原点重新认识它。依据“审判公正假定”,管辖错误的实质是法院内部分工的错误,因此,只要异议制度的设计能够平衡双方当事人的优势,异议制度的目的就算达到了,完全没有必要再将其扩展而致“程序过剩”。现有管辖权异议的两审终审制人为地强化了管辖对于当事人的重要性,误导了人们对其程序正义的认识,应当予以修正限制。

When people discuss the institution of challenge for jurisdiction, they separate the purpose and value of the institution; consequently they derogate the actual function and value of the discussion, so they should return to the origin of the institution to study it over again. According to the presumption that adjudication is justice, the inaccurate jurisdiction is essentially a mistake made by the courts when they divide the interior work. So as long as the institution of challenge for jurisdiction provided by law could balance the two parties＇ advantage, the purpose of the institution is reached, without any necessity to enlarge it, which will result in the surplus procedure. The present institution of challenge for jurisdiction follows the court of second instance being that of last instance, which intentionally emphasizes the importance of jurisdiction to the parties, and misleads persons into the understanding of its procedural justice, so it needs perfecting and limitation.