大豆杂交成活率与气象因子效应的分析

EFFECT OF METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ON RATE OF SOYBEAN CROSSING SUCCESS

在大豆开花期内,同一杂交者于同一地点,用同一组合,在每天20时去雄,次晨8时授粉。用杂交成活率及气象因子进行逐步回归统计分析,证明8时授粉时温度,20时去雄后相对湿度及授粉之日日照时数是影响杂交成活率的主要气象因子。其最适指标是8时23.8℃温度,20时55％相对湿度及授粉之日3.18小时日照。本地区大豆开花期8时高温,20时高湿及日照过多是影响杂交成活率的限制因子。

Flowers of soybean were emasculated at 5-6 pm. The following morning at 7 am pollen was gathered and the emasculated flowers were pollinated. All work performed by a single person at the same location using the same cross. The crossing success rate and meteorological factors were analysed by stepwise regression statistical method. Crossing success rate was affected by major meteorological factors which include the following temperature at pollination (8am), relative humidity at 8 pm after emasculating and number of hours of sunshine on day of pollination. The optimum temperature for pollination was 23. 8℃; optimum relative humidity for emasculation was 55% and optimum hours of sunshine were 3. 18 h on the day of pollination. In this area, the high temperature at 8 am, the high humidity at 8 pm and excessive hours of suneshine were limiting factors which affected crossing successrate.