播期和密度对花生产量和品质的影响

Effect of Sowing Time and Planting Density on Yield and Quality in Peanut

以高油花生新品种冀花4号为供试品种,研究了春播、麦套期播和麦后夏直播3种播种期和5种不同种植密度对花生产量及品质的影响。播种期试验结果表明,荚果产量随播种期的变化趋势是春播>麦套期播>夏直播,播种期对籽仁脂肪和蛋白质含量有一定的影响,随着播种时间推迟脂肪含量呈下降趋势,而蛋白质含量呈上升趋势。密度试验结果表明,不同种植密度间荚果产量有一定差异,在12万～21万穴/hm2密度范围内,随密度增加荚果产量增加,而密度对籽仁脂肪和蛋白质含量的影响不明显。通过试验,冀花4号适宜春播和麦套种植,适宜的种植密度为15万～21万穴/hm2。

The experiment was carried out by using Jihua No.4 to study the effect of sowing time and planting density on yield and quality of peanut. In the experiment of the three sowing times, the pod yield of spring sowing was the highest and the summer sowing was the lowest. The pod yield and the kernel oil content were decreased with the sowing time postponed. On the contrary, the kernel protein content was increased with the sowing time postponed. In the experiment of planting density, as the planting density increased, the pod yield was increased at planting density of 120-210 thousand holes/ha （per hole 2 kernels）. The different planting density had no effect on the quality of peanut. The results indicated that Jihua No.4 is suitable for spring sowing and intereropped with wheat, and its proper planting density is at 150- 210 thousand holes/ha （per hole 2 kernels）.