学术史视角下的当代中国史研究

On Studies of Modern Chinese History from the Perspective of Academic History

20世纪80年代以来,当代中国史在体制化与学术化的双重进程中,已成长为中国历史学领域中一门新兴且显要的学科。从学术史的角度观之,它的研究历程经历了从通史研究到专题史研究的嬗变,研究旨趣经历了从宏大叙事到实证分析的转移。这直接体现为近年来在冷战中国史、人民公社史、“大跃进”、学术争鸣等问题研究中呈现出的新气象。目前的研究,在学科特性的认知、史料获取的路径、史观与方法的构建、“碎片化”的研究状态、二元研究格局等方面存在一些问题;未来的研究将在回应上述问题的同时,通过加强科际整合与学科共同体内外的对话而整体协作式推进。

Since the 1980s, studies of modern Chinese history have been developing along a dual course of institutionalized and academic progress and have proved to be a prominent rising discipline in the studies of Chinese history. Viewed from the perspective of academic history, development of this discipline has undergone remarkable changes. The dimension of the studies has changed from studying the general history to studying specific historical topics; the focus has changed from macro-narration of events to empirical analysis of cases. These changes are indicated by the recent researches of the Chinese history during the Cold War, the history of the people＇s commune, the ＂Great Leap Forward＂, academic compounding and so on. At present, these studies are not without limitations, such as in cognition of the characteristics of the discipline, the access to historical resources, construction of historical conception and methodology, study of ＂fragment pieces＂, dual studies and so on. The author maintains that future researches will address these problems and promote cooperation among different offices and groups to push the studies forward.