多媒体教学中的认知机制

Cognition Mechanism in the Multi-media Teaching

多媒体教学是一种以多媒体传播媒体为手段,以人的感官为通道,以呈现模式的多样化为特征的现代化教学途径和方式。目前,研究者多从传播媒体、呈现模式和人的认知过程通道三个角度探讨多媒体教学。在多媒体教学中,学习者的学习过程主要发生在工作记忆中,因此,在探讨多媒体教学的认知机制时,一般比较关注工作记忆,其中,贝特利的工作记忆成分学说可以解释多媒体教学过程中的认知机制。多媒体教学要为学习者提供多重刺激,既要有听觉信息和视觉信息,更重要的是应让多种感觉通道编码协同作用,这是提高多媒体教学效果的一个重要条件。

Multi-media teaching is a kind of modern teaching method with multi-media as its means, with people＇s sense organ as its channel, featuring diversified presenting model. At present, researchers mostly explore multi-media from the view of disseminating media, presenting model and people＇s cognition course channel. In the multi-media teaching, the learning course of the learners mainly takes place in the working memory. Therefore, normally working memory is concerned in the exploration on multi-media teaching, among which A. D. Baddeley＇s working memory composition theory can explain the recognition mechanism in the course of multi-media teaching. Multi-media teaching should supply learners with repeated stimulation including not only hearing information but also visual information. What is more important, it should let many kinds of feeling channel coding work in coordination with each other, which is an important condition to improve the effect of multi-media teaching.