不同施肥水平对漳州香蕉产量和品质的影响

Effect of different levels of fertilization on banana yield and quality in Zhangzhou

田间试验表明,在漳州市香蕉园地力条件下,要达到每公顷45t左右的香蕉产量,施肥量分别为N 675 kg·hm^(-2)、P_2O_560～120 kg·hm^(-2)、K_2O 900～1200 kg·hm^(-2),氮磷钾配比为1：0.1～0.2：1.3～1.8。在沙性较强的土壤,硫肥(S)适宜用量为90 kg·hm^(-2),镁肥(MgCO_3)则为75 kg·hm^(-2)。比常规施肥平均增产7.8％。增施磷钾肥,可明显提高果实可溶性固形物、还原糖和总糖含量；增施硫肥可明显提高维生素C和还原糖含量。和常规施肥相比,平衡施肥平均使果实可溶性固形物提高6.9％,维生素C提高9.0％,还原糖提高22.8％。

The results in field experiment showed that , under the soil fertility condition in banana garden in Zhangzhou area, the optimum fertilizer application was N 675 kg·hm^-2, P2O5 60-120 kg·hm^-2, K2O 900- 1200kg·hm^-2, the optimum ratio of N： P2O5： K2O was 1= 0.1-0.2： 1. 3-1. 8 in order to gain the banana yield about 45 t·hm^-2. In the sandy soil, the optimum S and Mg fertilizers were 90 kg ·hm^-2 and MgCO3 75 kg ·hm^-2 respectively, To compare with traditional fertilization, the balanced fertilization increased banana yield by 7.8 %. Soluble matters, reductive sugar content and total sugar content were increased remarkably after increasing application of P, K fertilizer. Vc and reductive sugar content were also increased significantly after applied S fertilizer. Balanced fertilization increased soluble matters by 6.9%, Vc by 9. 0% , reductive sugar content by 22.8% compared to traditional fertilization.