芝麻产量性状与品质性状的典型相关分析

Canonical correlation for yield and quality trait groups in sesame

以15个芝麻品种(品系)为材料,根据生物学意义将15个性状归纳为4个性状组,对性状和性状组基因型值进行相关分析和典型相关分析,并建立了由多个农艺性状间接改良品质性状的综合选择指数。结果表明:对单株产量影响最大的因素是农艺性状(株高、果轴长、始蒴部位)和产量构成因子(蒴粒数、千粒重),而且农艺性状与产量构成因子以正相关为主,因此可以同步改良农艺性状和产量构成因子以进一步提高产量潜力;含油量与主要农艺性状、产量构成因子以及种子容重呈正相关,而与粒宽和蛋白质含量呈显著负相关,因此含油量和产量可以协调发展,同步提高,而且可以通过籽粒性状间接辅助选择高产、高含油量的芝麻新品种。

Canonical correlation analysis of four character groups in 15 sesame varieties and the establishment of a comprehensive selection index for quality improvement are reported in this paper. The result showed that the most important factors for seed yield are agronomical characters （i. e. plant height, capsule axis length, first capsule height） and yield components （ i. e. seeds per capsule, 1000 - seed weight）. These two trait groups are positively correlated and can be combined for a better seed yield enhancement. Oil content is positively correlated with both agronomic trait group and yield component group as well as seed unit weight, but negatively correlated with seed width and protein content. There is no negative correlation between oil content and seed yield, making it possible to improve oil content together with seed yield by indirect selection of seed characters.