培养料中重金属元素对杏鲍菇子实体产量和质量的影响

Effect of Heavy Metal-containing Substrates on the Yield and Quality of Pleurotus eryngii Fruit Bodies

工厂化栽培过程中,培养料中添加不同浓度的As、Hg、Pb和Cd,研究这些元素对杏鲍菇子实体产量的影响和在子实体中的累积规律。结果表明,子实体中As、Hg、Pb和Cd的含量随其在培养料中浓度的增加而增加,而且As、Hg和Cd会显著降低生物学效率。根据GB7096-2003[1]和NY/T749-2003[2]中食用菌干品的重金属限量要求,建议杏鲍菇培养料中As、Hg、Pb和Cd的浓度应分别低于0.5、1.0、3.5和1.0mg/kg。

Under conditions adopted for commercial mushroom cultivation, concentrations of As, Hg, Pb and Cd in Pleurotus eryngii fruit bodies increased with increasing heavy metal supplementation of the cultivation substrate. Average growth yields and biological efficiencies also decreased with increasing As, Hg and Cd supplementation, whereas increases in both parameters were observed with increased Pb supplementation. Based on the heavy metal concentration limits for dry edible fungi specified in GB 7096-2003[1] and NY/T 749-2003[2], our data suggest that As, Hg, Pb and Cd concentrations in substrates used for cultivating P. eryngii should be less than 0.5, 1.0, 3.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively.