小儿腹部肿块的超声诊断与鉴别诊断

Ultrasonic Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Abdominal mass of Children

目的通过对78例小儿腹部肿块的声像图分析,探讨小儿腹部肿块的超声诊断与鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析78例小儿腹部肿块的声像图特征,结合手术、病理及细胞学检查对比的结果,探讨各种小儿腹部肿块的声像图特征及鉴别要点。结果非肿瘤性肿块31例,占39.7%(31/78);肿瘤47例,占60.3%(47/78),其中恶性肿瘤44例,占所有病例56.4%(44/78),占肿瘤病例93.6%(44/47)。超声诊断与病理对照,符合率79.5%(62/78);与手术对照,定位准确率92.3%(72/78);诊断不明确12例;误诊4例。结论超声检查可提示腹部肿块的大小、部位、来源、性质、与毗邻脏器的关系及有无转移灶、并发症等,是小儿腹部肿块重要的检查方法之一。

Objective To study ultrasonic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of abdominal mass of children through the analysis of ultrasonography of abdominal mass of 78children. Methods Studying ultrasonographic features and diagnostic characteristics of abdominal mass of children based on the retrospective analysis of ultrasonography and comparison with the result of operation, pathology and cytological examination of abdominal mass of 78 children. Results In all cases, non-tumorous masses were 31 cases （39. 7%） and tumorous masses were 47 cases （60. 3%）. Among the tumorous masses, malignant tumors were 44 cases, making up 93.6%, and 56. 4% of all cases. The ultrasonic diagnosis coincidence rate was 79. 5%, compared with pathological diagnosis. Accurate rate of localizing diagnosis of ultrasonography was 92.3% according to operation. Obscure diagnosis and misdiagnosis were 12 and 4 cases respectively. Conclusions Ultrasonography could indicate focus size, sites, origin, property, relation with adjacent organs and whether metastatic focuses and complication exist, and it is one of the important methods in examining abdominal mass of children.