减肥就诊人员的饮食生活习惯因素分析

Analysis on Factors of Diet and Lifestyle in Clinic Clients Seeking for Weight Reduction

目的了解减肥就诊人员结构,分析超重及肥胖者肥胖度与出生体重及饮食、生活习惯等因素的相关性。方法对4所综合性医院内分泌或减肥门诊的361名就诊人员进行身高、体重测量和饮食、生活习惯等情况进行问卷调查。结果(1)就诊人员结构:女性就诊者明显多于男性,分别为74.0%和26.0%;就诊人员中以轻、中度肥胖占多数,合计占61.2%;超重和肥胖者分别是18.6%和77.3%。但不同性别间有差异,女性以轻度肥胖者多(34.5%)而男性则以中度肥胖者多(42.2%)。就诊人员职业以个体或家庭主妇占多数(39.0%),科技人员和农民所占比例相对较少,分别是8.1%和8.8%;工人或服务行业人员占23.7%。(2)饮食生活习惯:经常不吃早餐占18.7%,经常挑食者占10.3%,进餐速度快为50.1%;调查者中有目的运动仅为22.5%,平均运动时间为37.2min。(3)体重指数与出生体重呈正相关关系,与定时进餐、进餐速度、职业、文化程度均有统计学意义;与是否进食早餐、家庭人均收入无统计学意义;结论不同性别和职业文化背景要求减肥的主动性存在差异;肥胖度与出生体重、饮食习惯、职业、文化程度有统计学意义,应预防和正确引导肥胖症的治疗。

Objective To learn the composition of clinic clients seeking for weight reduction, analyze the level of overweight and obesity, explore the correlation between overweight or obesity and lifestyle and birth weight. Methods Questionnaire survey and body measurement were conducted in 361 clinic clients seeking for weight reduction in 4 comprehensive hospitals in Zbejiang province during 2001-2002. Results The proportions of male and female were 74. 0% and 26.0% respectively. Occupational composition were mainly individual workers and housewives （39.0%）; the next were laborer and service trades workers （23.7%）; while the technology workers and farmers only accounted for 8.1% and 8.8%, respectively. The proportions of overweight and obesity were 18.6% and 77.3% respectively among the clinic clients, of which mild and moderate obesity was highest （61.2%）. According to sex-stratified analysis, the proportion of mild obesity was highest in female, while the proportion of moderate obesity was highest in male. The proportion of clinic clients who seldom had breakfast was 18.7%, often picked food was 10. 3%, ate quickly was 50.1% and did exercise on purpose was 22.5%. There was positive correlation between BMI and birth weight. Taking meals regularly or not, eating speed, occupation and education level all had correlation with BMI. However, having breakfast or not and incomes of households had not. Conclusion The initiative to lose weight differs among different genders as well as different occupational or educational background. Emphasis should be put on prevention and treatment of obesity scientifically and reasonably.