中国居民收入差距的变动趋势——基于双二元动态框架的实证

The Moving Trend of Chinese Residents' Income Differential——An Empirical Analysis Based on the Dual-Binary Dynamic Framework

为揭示城乡转换和经济开放双重约束下中国居民收入差距变动的总体趋势和特征,文章构建了一个四部门的双二元动态分析框架,并检验了其现实适用性,实证结果较好地支持了这一分析框架的有效性,研究表明:巨大城乡差距的存在决定了我国居民收入分配总体上仍将呈现出“倒U”趋势,而对外经济开放则会显著影响到这一过程的实现形式;从根本上看,重新审视二元结构政策,消除收入分配的平均主义倾向,进一步加快城镇化进程、逐步有序地推动对外开放构成了优化我国收入分配结构、逐步缩小居民收入差距的基本约束。

To evaluate the overall moving trend and attributes of Chinese residents’ income differential under the dual restriction of economy openingup and dualistic structure switch, this paper puts forward a four sector dual -binary dynamic framework and tests its realistic applicability. The empirical results turn out to support the validity of this analytic framework and our findings indicate that the great differences between urban and rural areas are the main reasons for the inverted-U developing trend of Chinese residents income differential, while economy opening-up significantly affecting the actual process. Essentially speaking, abolishing the two-sector policy gradually, eliminating the egalitarianism in income distribution, speeding up the process of urbanization and further promoting the economy opening-up in a good order are the preconditions for China to optimize its income distribution structure and to eliminate its income disparity step by step.