对弹棋文献的考证研究

An Investigation into the Rise and Fall of Tan Chess

文章引用大量文献,对弹棋的产生至消亡,以及弹棋的形态和赛事规则作了考证。认为弹棋是一门高雅的体育竞技项目,作为古代体育项目它产生于西汉,至东汉已经相当成熟。弹棋的产生缘由是:由于蹴鞠运动量较大,“劳体”;为减少运动量,而创作“劳思”类的棋艺运动。至宋代弹棋已经失传,是因为其制作难度高,材料要求好,以致棋盘稀少,这是造成弹棋失传的原因。

This paper, based on a large amount of literature, investigates the rise and fall of the tan chess, as well as its shape and game rules. It is argued that tan chess is a high-class sports game, which arose in the Western Han Dynasty and became quite mature in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The reason for this game＇ s rise is that to engage in jiuju, another tradtional Chinese game, needs a large amount of physical strength and movement, which means it is rather exhausting. Thus,, it was necessary to invent chess games which needs much intellectual strengh instead of much physical strength. The major reason for the tan chess＇ s discontinuation , which began in the Song Dynasty, is that its making is rather complicated besides needing high-quality materials, so that its chess board could not be frequently found.