再析匈奴分裂原因

SECOND ANALYSIS OF THE REASON WHY XIONGNU SPLIT

在西汉时期,匈奴民族经历过“五单于争立”的大内乱与分裂。其分裂原因不能唯独归因于匈奴社会历史发展必然趋势,亦须从西汉王朝起始于“马邑之谋”的对匈奴大规模征服战争所导致巨大影响着手探索。汉匈战争中,由于军事上的失利导致匈奴民族生存地理环境的巨变,从而严重损害了赖以生息的畜牧业经济基础,继而激化社会内部政治、经济等方面一系列矛盾,最终以单于继承问题为导火线爆发了匈奴史上第一次大内乱与分裂。

In the Western Han Dynasty, Xiongnu experienced grand civil strife and split ＂ Five Chanyu （Kings） Fighting for the Throne＂. We could not attribute it to the inevitable trend of Xiongnu society development. Instead, we should explore the great influence of the grand conquering war stemming from ＂Mayi Plot＂, sponsored from the Western Han Dynasty against ist Xiongnu. In the Han vs Xiongnu, the military failure led to the great changes of living geography environment of Xiongnu, which severely ruined the foundation of animal husbandry on which persons and things relied for existence, intensifying a series of political and economic contradictions. As a resuit, the problem of the successor to the throne touched off the first grand civil strife in Xiongnu history.