嵌套子集:引入土壤多样性研究的讨论

Nested Subset: Discussion on its Possible Use in Pedodiversity Analysis

嵌套子集指在任何特定集合中出现的物种趋向于在更大的集合中也出现,即局部丰富的物种一般分布比较广泛,而局部稀少的物种则分布较窄。本文对嵌套性研究中的有关问题做一评述,并以西班牙的一个研究为范例讨论可以看出,通过数据(土壤类型和土壤集合)试验得出的规律性和生态学上的观点竟非常相似。研究采用了土壤数据集和在计量生态学应用的方法,包括嵌套计算程序(Nested Calcu lator Program)。结果表明:嵌套性在生物群落、土被或土链结构中的性质有相似之处,即地学系统中普遍存在着嵌套性。此方法用于土壤多样性的分析,在有计划的保护生物及土壤资源方面具有现实意义。

Nested subset means that species present in any particular assemblage tend also to be present in larger assemblages, namely locally abundant species tend to be widespread, whereas locally rare species tend to be narrowly distributed. Discussion on the possible use in pedodiversity analysis was done in this paper based on a case conducted by a Spanish research team that regularities tested with data （pedotaxa and pedological assemblages） were surprisingly similar to those in ecological literature. Several soil data sets, as well as techniques utilized in mathematical ecology, including Nested Calculator Program have been used. The results showed that nestedness is not exclusive properties of biological assemblages, mantlerock or soil catenulate structure, but can be found in a broader class of earth systems. Pedodiversity analysis also has practical implications for designing reserves for biological and pedological conservation.