东南地区土壤养分的空间变异性与取样策略I.土壤属性与大量元素

Spatial Variability and Sampling Strategy of Soil Nutrient in Southeast ChinaI.Soil Property and Macro-nutrient

在我国东南6省(市)选择代表性区域(自然村),采用ASI和地统计学等方法对耕作土壤的pH值、有机质、有效氮、磷和钾的空间变异性与合理取样数量进行了研究。结果表明,①pH值和有机质是相对稳定的土壤属性,在整个研究区域其变异较小,近似于正态分布;施肥元素的变异则较大,表现出明显的负偏峰分布特征。②尽管某些土壤属性或大量元素的总体变异性相似,但在各研究区域,其实际半方差结构并不相同。③对于明显偏峰分布的土壤养分来说,建议采用最适分配法确定合理取样数量。纯随机合理取样数量可在一定程度作为参考。

Abstract：Based on the data from 6 natural villages of 6 provinces in southeast China, the spatial variability and rational sampling strategy of soil pH, organic matter, available N, P and K was studied using ASI method and Geo-statistics. Resuhs showed that： （1） Soil pH value and organic matter content were relatively stable soil properties. In the studied area their spatial variability was rather small and showed almost normal distribution. As the fertilization soil elements, their spatial variability was quite great and showed obviously negative distribution. （2）The general variability of some soil property or macro-nutrient was basically similar, while the structure of semi-variance was quite different among the villages. （3）Stratified and Rational Distributed Sampling method was recommended to determine the rational sampling quantity of soil nutrients which showed obviously negative frequency distribution. The sampling quantity obtained by Simple Random Distributed Sampiing method was still a good reference.