聚丙烯/纳米CaCO_3复合材料的拉伸性能

Tensile Properties of Polypropylene/Nano-CaCO_3 Composites

采用2种填料粒子表面处理方法[(表面活化(SⅠ)和钛酸酯偶联剂处理(SⅡ)]分别制备了纳米级CaCO_3填充聚丙烯复合材料。应用万能材料试验机在室温下考察了CaCO_3粒子表面处理和CaCO_3含量对复合材料拉伸力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着纳米粒子CaCO_3体积分数(φ)的增加,2种试样的弹性模量和拉伸强度有轻微的变化,而粒子表面处理的影响不太明显。当φ为0．5%时,SⅠ的拉伸断裂强度达至最大,然后随着φ的增加呈非线性函数形式下降；除个别测量点外,SⅡ的拉伸断裂强度基本上随着φ的增加呈非线性函数形式下降。在相同的条件下,SⅠ的拉伸断裂强度高于SⅡ,而断裂伸长率则相反。

Two types of nano-meter calcium carbonate （CaCO3） filling polypropylene（ PP） composites were prepared respectively by means of two surface treatment methods of nano-particles, surface activation （sample SI） and titanate coupler treatment （sample SII）. The effects of surface treatment and content of the particles on the tensile properties of were investigated at room temperature by use of a universal materials tester. The results show that the elastic modulus and tensile strength change slightly with the increase of the particles volume fraction （φ）, and the influence of surface treatment on them is insignificant. When φ is 0.5 %, the tensile break strength of sample SI is maximum, and then decreases nonlinearly; while the tensile break strength of sample SII decreases nonlinearly with addition of φ, except for individual data point. At the same conditions, the tensile break strength of sample SI is greater than that of sample SII, but contrary to the tensile elongation at break.