食源性金黄色葡萄球菌流行特征、产肠毒素特性及耐药性研究

Enterotoxin production and resistance to anti-microbial drugs of Staphylococcus aureus in selected retail food products

目的:了解食源性金黄色葡萄球菌流行特点及产肠毒素特性及其耐药性,为制定HACCP以防止金黄色葡萄球菌的食源性疾病提供依据。方法:采集8类食品1 243件分离金黄色葡萄球菌并进行产肠毒素A^E试验及药物敏感试验。结果:从生肉、熟食、生奶、及水产品中分别分离出40株(10.96%)、12株(3.13%)、34株(16.27%)及1株(1.12%)金黄色葡萄球菌,相应的产肠毒素率分别达到52.50%、58.33%、61.76%、0.00%;对青霉素、四环素、凝固酶阴性苯唑西林耐药率分别高达93.10%、49.43%、37.93%;79.31%菌株对2种以上的药物多重耐药,最多耐药种类达7种,表现出30种耐药谱。结论:扬州市食品中存在着较严重的金黄色葡萄球菌潜在的危害,主要来源于生肉、生奶及熟食;食源性金黄色葡萄球菌产毒素能力较强。金黄色葡萄球菌对多种药物的耐药性提示安全应用治疗药物的重要性。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of enterotoxin production and resistance to anti - microbial drugs of Staphylococcus aureus in selected retail food products, nethods：A total of 1243 food product such as raw meat, cooked food etc were analyzed for S. aureus. Isolated S. aureus strains were tested for staphylococcal enterotoxin （SE） production （ SEA - SEE） and antimicrobial resistance. Results：S. aureus was detected in 40 （ 10. 96% ） raw meats and 12 （ 3.13% ） cooked foods and in 34 （16.27%） raw bovine milk and 1 （1.12%） aquatic product samples. Enterotoxin production was observed in 52. 50%, 58. 33%, 61.76% and 0. 00% of S. aureus isolates from raw meat, cooked food, raw bovine milk and aquatic product samples, respectively. Enterotoxigenic S. aureus reached 56.32% in detected isolates. S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin （93.10%） ,followed by tetracycline and oxacillin COAG（49. 43% and 37. 93% respectively）, 79. 31% of the isolates were resistant to two or more kinds of drugs with the most to 7 kinds of drugs and had 30 resistance phenotypes. Conclusion：The data show that the raw meats, cooked food products and fresh milk are severely contaminated with S. aureus which could cause potential health hazards to consumers of Chinese food products and S. aureus shows resistance to different kinds of antimicrobial angents.