1995～2002年上海宝钢集团队列人群血压异常流行趋势分析

A Cohort Study on the Prevalence Tendency of Blood Pressure Abnormality in Shanghai Bao-Steel Company-Based Population from 1995 to 2002

目的 通过纵向研究探讨血压异常患病率的动态变化。方法 分析1995-2002年期间上海宝山钢铁集团股份公司（简称宝钢）队列人群隔年体检资料，根据收缩压≥140mmHg、舒张压≥90mmHg及收缩压≥140mmHg和（或）舒张压≥90mmHg和（或）服用降压药物分别诊断为收缩压异常、舒张压异常及高血压，采用SPSS11．5统计软件进行分析。结果 1995-2002年期间共有59131人次参加健康体检，其中参加4次者27．1％，3次者26．6％，2次者24．0％，1次者占22．3％。宝钢职工平均收缩压由115．7mmHg升至123．6mmHg，平均舒张压由76．8mmHg升至83．0mmHg；收缩压异常的标化患病率由4．1％升至8．0％，舒张压异常的标化患病率由12．3％升至20．6％，高血压标化患病率则由13．4％升至1999-2000年的23．6％后降至20．1％。随着时间进展，总体收缩压异常、舒张压异常的标化患病率逐年上升。通过性别、年龄分层分析，发现男性60岁以前4个年龄段收缩压异常的患病率和50岁以前3个年龄段舒张压异常的患病率都随时间进展明显增长；而女性仅40-49岁年龄段的收缩压异常和舒张压异常的患病率随时间进展而增长。无论是总体还是男性或女性，60岁以前各年龄段高血压的患病率都表现为在1995-2000年随时间进展而增长，而在2001-2002年则下降。同期同年龄段男性职工血压异常的患病率要高于女性。同期舒张压异常的患病率高于收缩压异常的患病率。结论 上海宝钢队列人群收缩压异常、舒张压异常的患病率不断增高，以中青年男性的患病率增高为主。

Aim To explore the changes of the prevalence rate of blood pressure abnormality in Shanghai Bao-Steel Company-based population. Methods All medical records of the employees were analyzed, who underwent health examination biennially from 1995 to 2002. Systolic blood pressure （SBP） abnormality, diastolic blood pressure （DBP） abnormality and hypertension were diagnosed by SBP≥140 mmHg, DBP≥90 mmHg and SBP≥ 140 mmHg or DBP≥90 mmHg or administrated hypotensive drugs. SPSS 11.5 of statistical software was used for data analysis. Results During the study period, 59 131 person-times received periodic medical check-up, of which 27.1% participants received four times check-up, and 26.6% three time.s, 24.0% twice, respectively. The mean SBP increased from 115.7 mmHg to 123.6 mmHg, and the mean DBP increased from 76.8 mmHg to 83.0 mmHg. The standardization prevalence rates of SBP abnormality and DBP abnormality increased separately from 4.1% and 12.3 % to 8.0 % and 20.6%. The standardization prevalence rate of hypertension increased from 13.4% to23.6% from1995 to 2000 , then decreased to 20.1% . The standardization prevalence rates of SBP abnormabty and DBP abnormality of the total increased with time. By the analysis of age and sex, it was found that the prevalence rate of SBP abnormality increased significantly with time in men younger than 60 years old and the prevalence rate of DBP abnormality increased significantly with time in men younger than 50 years old, but the prevalence rates of SBP abnormality and DBP abnormality were so only in women in 40 - 49 years old. No matter in the total or men or women younger than 60 years old, the prevalence rate of hypertension increased with time from 1995 to 2000, but decreased in 2001 - 2002. At the same time and the same age range the prevalence rate of blood pressure abnormality in men was higher than that in women. At the same time the prevalence rate of DBP abnormality was higher than that of SBP abnormality. Conclusion The prevalence rates of SBP abnormality and DBP abnormality were increasing in Bao-Steel Company employees, which oceurod mainly in the middle-age and young men.