低固相含量SiO_2分散体系流变性研究

Study on the Rheological Behavior of SiO_2 Dispersions with Low Volume Fraction

以甘油(GL)和聚乙二醇(PEG)为分散介质,研究了低体积分数(φ<8%)的SiO2分散体系的稳态和动态的流变性能,发现体系都具有可逆的剪切变稀和剪切增稠现象.在剪切速率大于临界剪切速率(γi>γic)时,体系具有明显的剪切增稠现象,而当γi<γic,GL体系只有轻微的剪切变稀现象,PEG体系剪切变稀现象却很明显.在动态试验中考察了模量以及损耗角正切tgδ随剪切应力(σ)的变化.在所研究的应力范围内,体系中耗能模量G"都大于储能模量G',tgδ大于1,体系主要表现为粘性.用“粒子簇”生成机理能较好地解释这种剪切变稀和剪切增稠现象,即剪切变稀是由于连续的空间网络结构被破坏,PEG体系剪切变稀现象较GL体系明显应该与PEG高分子链的松弛以及体系中较少的氢键有关;剪切增稠是由于粒子簇的生成引起的.

The rheological behavior of fumed silica dispersions in glycerol （GL） and polyethylene glycol （PEG） have been studied under steady and oscillation shear. The reversible shear-thinning and shear-thickening behaviors have been observed. The two dispersions all show obvious shear-thickening when the shear rate is higher than the critical rate （ γ^·〉γc^·）, but when γ^·〉γc^·, the GL system only shows slightly shear-thinning behavior, while the PEG system shows shear-thinning comparatively more obviously. The storage modulus G＇, loss modulus G＂ and tg δ have also been studied through oscillation stress shear. The magnitude of G＂ is larger than that of G＇ and tg δ〉 1 for both of the systems in the range of stress studied, which shows that the systems mainly possess the viscous properties. Through ＂clustering＂ theory, the shear-thinning and the shear-thickening behaviors can be explained. The shear-thinning is due to the breakage of the steric continuous network structure and that the degree of the shear-thinning of the PEG system is larger than the GL system is due to the less number of the hydrogen bonds and the laxation of the PEG chains; the shear-thickening is caused by the formation of the clusters.