北京市公园绿地植物多样性研究

The Research on Plant Diversity of Park Greenbelt of Beijing City

保护城市的生物多样性至关重要。城市公园是城市园林绿地系统的主体,也是城市里植物多样性最集中的地方,研究城市公园植物多样性可为城市生物多样性保护提供基础数据。通过北京市主要公园绿地植物的调查,分析了城市公园绿地植物的种类构成,计算并论述了公园绿地的生物多样性特征,以期能够为北京生态城市建设提供科学依据。调查发现北京城市公园绿地植物物种较为丰富,共有90科,251属,393种;植物种类构成以乡土种为主体,引进种也较为丰富。其中北京本地种281种,占总数的71.50%,国内引进种62种,占总数的15.78%,国外引进种50种,占总数的12.72%;公园绿地植物物种丰富度以草本植物最高,其次是灌木植物,乔木植物总体稍低于灌木;公园绿地植物物种多样性总体较高。

It is very important to protect the urban biodiversity. Urban parks are the main body of urban greenbelt system, which also are the place that biodiversity highest centralized in city. It can provide the basic data for urban biodiversity conservation by the research on the plant diversity of park greenbelt in urban. In this study, a systematic investigation on the plants of some parks of Beijing city was made, that the species composing of plants in urban park greenbelt are analyzed, and the characteristic of plant biodiversity was calculated and discussed, intending to provide scientific gist for the ecological urban construction in Beijing city. The results showed that there were 393 plants species, which belonged to 251 genera and 90 families in Beijing parks. Among them, 281 species were Beijing native plants, which were accounted for 71.50% of total plants species; 62 species were introduced from other regions of China, 15.78% of total parks plants ; and 50 species were introduced from foreign countries, 12.72% of total plants. The herbage had the highest species richness in park greenbelts, shrub species secondly, the arbor was a little lower than shrub. In the mass, the park plants had a high species diversity level.