定向越野的运动伤害与预防

Prevention of Wound and Injury in Orienteering

定向越野运动因场地复杂、路线多变而具有一定的运动伤害风险。定向越野的运动伤害主要表现在软组织和关节的损伤、骨折、皮肤伤害和昆虫叮咬引起的感染,应根据其项目特点进行全面预防。预防的主要手段包括运动前的热身、补液、防晒和合理衣着等,运动中主要注意针对不同地形路况的不同跑跳方法和保护,树林中奔跑的自我保护,运动中的补液等。运动后的预防则应加强放松运动、营养和休息,并防止感染。通过对定向越野运动中运动伤害的预防,将有利于提高定向越野的训练效果和比赛成绩,从而推动该项运动的普及和发展。

The complicated and changeful character brings in the risk of sports wound and injury of orienteering event. And the most common sports wounds and injuries include the injuries of soft tissue and joint, fractures, skin wounds and infection from insect bite. The complete prevention includes the pre - exercise warm up, re-hydration, sun - protection and appropriate cloth and shoes. Besides, different nmning and jumping ways for different course and road, self- protection while running in the forest, and the re - hydration compose the during-exercise prevention. And the sufficient cooling - down exercise, nutrition supply, good rest and infection prevention are the different parts of the post - exercise prevention. By all these ways, the prevention of sports wound and injury in orienteering will be helpful to the better training effect and competition score, also the popularization and improvement of orienteering in China.