三尖杉苗木生长和形态种源差异

Provenance Differences for Seedling Morphology and Growth of Cephalotaxus fortunei

利用来自11个省区25个三尖杉种源在福建明溪和浙江安吉两试验点开展苗期测定,研究种子、苗木形态与生长性状的种源差异。方差分析结果显示:来自不同产地的三尖杉,其种子、苗木形态与生长性状差异显著。试验观测到,来自东南部地区的三尖杉种源种子较长,苗高生长量较大,分枝稀少,而中西部地区的三尖杉种源种子较短,苗高生长量较小,分枝较多。三尖杉可明显地区分为长叶和短叶两种类型,东南部的种源多为长叶类型,而中西部地区的种源多为短叶类型,间有长叶类型分布。长叶类型三尖杉种源的种长、苗高和分枝数分别为短叶类型种源的116.8%、156.2%和1.54%。相关分析发现,较之于北部的长叶类型三尖杉种源,来自于南部的长叶类型种源苗高生长量较大,地径有增大的趋势;短叶类型三尖杉种源的苗木高径生长没有明显的纬向变异模式,其地径生长与产地经度存在一定程度的正相关。

Cephalotaxus fortunei provenance trails including 25 seed sources from 11 provinces, located at Mingxi of Fujian and Anji of Zhejiang, was used to study geographic variation of seed and seedling character （morphology and growth）. The result of variance analysis indicated that there existed significant differences among provenances for seed and seedling morphology and growth. It was observed that the southeastern provenances possessed higher height growth rate with less branches and longer seeds, whereas the middle and western provenances possessed lower height growth rate with more branches and shorter seed. Cephalotaxus fortunei could be obviously divided into two types of long-leaf and short-leaf. The most provenances from the southeastern belong to the long-leaf type, while the most provenances from the middle and western belong to short-leaf type. The seed length, seedling height and branch quantity of long leaf type provenances were 116.8%、156.2% and 1.54% of short-leaf type ones. A classical latitude clinal variation pattern was found for seedling growth of long-leaf type provenances. Compared with the northern provenances, the southern ones had higher seedling growth rate. For the short-leaf provenances, there didn＇t existed a classical latitude clinal variation pattern for seedling growth, but the seedling diameter was positively related to the longitude of the seed source.