新生儿高未结合胆红素血症的光疗研究护理进展

The Treatment and Nursing Advance of Phototherapy for Neonatal Pathological Jaundice

目的介绍光疗的研究进展,并解决光疗过程中存在的护理问题,以提高疗效,减少副作用。方法参考国内外相关文献,对光源的发展及光疗的方法进行综合分析、比较、归纳。结果光源的种类较多,方法多样。光源由传统的日光、冷白光、日光灯、蓝光灯、卤灯发展到近几年推出的绿光、蓝光发光二极管等;方法有双面蓝光箱、单面蓝光治疗仪、光纤毯、蓝光毯、蓝光床、蓝光发光二极管等。讨论临床上应严格掌握光疗指针,根据病情选择光疗方式。普遍认为双面蓝光箱比单面蓝光治疗仪效果好,蓝光箱比蓝光毯光照效果好,而蓝光加绿光效果最佳。为了提高疗效,减少副作用,光疗过程中要注意保护患儿眼睛及外生殖器;保持皮肤清洁、完整,防止感染;维持体温的恒定;维持水、电解质平衡等。

Objective To introduce the advance of phototherapy for neonatal pathological jaundice, and resolve the nursing problem during the phototherapy in order to enhancing curative effect and decreasing the side effect. Methods The relative articles were analyzed, compared and concluded. Results There are many lamphouse including sunlight, fluorescent lamp, blueness light and so on. The phototherapy treatment methods for neonatal pathological jaundice include boss - eyed blueness light phototherapy, light carpet, blueness light bed etc. Conclusion The phototherapy standard should be commanded strictly, the curative effect of double - face phototherapy is better than boss-eyed blueness phototherapy, the blueness light trunk is superiority to fluorescent lamp, and the most effective method is blueness light adding to green light during the treatment. The eyes, skin and genitalia must be projected, the temperature and electrolyte should be keep normal during the therapy for neonatal pathological jaundice.