儿科住院患者流感、副流感嗜血杆菌的检测与药物敏感试验

Laboratory study on the test of haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae on children in-patient from pediatrics

目的探索儿科住院患者流感、副流感嗜血杆菌的检出与药敏谱，为临床选择最合适的治疗药物。方法用流感嗜血杆菌选择性培养基培养分离流感、副流感嗜血杆菌，用“卫星现象”确定流感、副流感嗜血杆菌的菌株；用自配的巧克力板测定药物敏感性，用Nitroeefin纸片测定流感、副流感嗜血杆菌的β-内酰胺酶。结果儿科住院患者流感、副流感嗜血杆菌检出率总的达68．3％；3、4代头孢霉素、氨曲南、环丙沙星对流感、副流感嗜血杆菌敏感率在90％以上；四环素、阿齐霉素敏感率在60％～75％；它们对菌株的敏感性与产和不产β-内酰胺酶无关。产β-内酰胺酶菌株用酶抑制剂复合物（AMS）有很好的活性，对氨苄西林的耐药率达65．2％。

Objective To investigate the positive rate of Haemophilus influenzae（Hi）, Haemophilus parainfluenzae （Hp） and the map of antibiotic sensitivity for clinic to choice more suitable antibiotic. Methods Isolating Hi, Hp with choice chocolate medium; determining Hi, Hp with chocotate medium that made by ourselves; measuring β-lactamase with Nitrocefin paper method. Results The positive rate of Hi, Hp was 68.3% high; the sensitive rate of third or fourth generation Cephalosporms, Aztreonam and Ciprofloxacin was 90% higher; and the senstive rate of Tetraycycline, azithromycim was 60%-75%. They were no concern with producing β-lactamase but were more active with the compound drugs of restraining β-lactamase. The resistant rate of Ampicillim was 65.2% high.