探索性空间分析及其与GIS集成模式探讨

Preliminary Discussion for Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and the Integration Model with GIS

探索性空间分析基于让数据说话的理念,可以避免野值或非典型观测值的误导。在对探索性空间分析的基本原理和概念界定的基础上,探讨交互式和动态空间数据分析、地学可视化及可视化空间分布、确认性空间分析、空间数据挖掘等探索性空间分析的主要技术。由于统计分析软件和GIS的数据格式差异很大,直接将二者简单集成存在一定困难,因此切实可行的集成方式是采用对象连接和嵌入(OLE)技术,分别调用统计分析软件的探索性分析功能(或者函数)以及GIS的地图显示和空间分析功能,并进行必要开发,实现二者的集成。最后对探索性空间分析的发展方向进行展望。

Exploratory spatial data analysis（ESDA）, based on the characteristics of the data themselves, can avoid the misdirection which is brought by the exceptional value. Based on the defining for the principle and conception of exploratory, this article discussed the primary techniques for exploratory spatial data analysis which includes interactive and dynamic spatial data analysis, geosciences visualization and visual spatial distribution, confirmatory spatial data analysis and spatial data mining. Because of the reason that great differences exist between the statistical analysis software and GIS about their data formats, it is difficult for exploratory spatial data analysis to integrate with GIS presently. The most possible integration model is to adopt object linking and OLE technology,so to involve the exploratory data analysis function of the statistical analysis software and the map display and spatial analysis function of GIS and to develop necessarily. At the end, the trend of exploratory spatial data analysis is prospected.