头孢吡肟对576株临床常见病原菌的抗菌活性分析

Antibacterial Activity of Cefepime on the Clinically Common Pathogenic Bacteria:Survey of 576 Strains

目的:了解头孢吡肟对临床常见病原菌的体外抗菌活性。方法:采用K-B法对576株临床分离菌进行头孢吡肟等15种常用抗生素的药物敏感性试验。结果:对头孢吡肟的耐药率方面,576株的总耐药率为43·8%;耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)与甲氧西林敏感的葡萄球菌(MSS)比较具有极显著性差异(P<0·01);大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)与非产ESBLs菌比较具有极显著性差异(P<0·01);阴沟杆菌与铜绿假单胞菌对头孢吡肟的耐药率均低于第2代和第3代头孢菌素。结论:头孢吡肟对MSS和ESBLs阴性菌均有较好的抗菌活性,当病原菌及药敏情况不明时,可作为院内感染菌的经验性用药。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefepime against the clinically common pathogenic bacteria.METHODS： Susceptibility test of total 15 kinds of common antibiotics including cefepime against 576 strains of clinically isolated strains was performed by the K-B method.RESULTS：With regard to resistance to cefepime, the total drug- resistant rate of the 576 strains was 43.8% .And there were very significant differences between methicillin- resistant staphylococcus aureus（MRS） and methicillin- sensitive staphylococcus aureus（MSS） （P 〈 0.01） and between ESBLs- producing and non- ESBLs- producing bacteria in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae（P 〈 0.01）. Bacillus cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa had lower resistant rates to cefepime than to the second and third generation cephalosporins.CONCLUSION： Cefepime has a powerful antimicrobial activity against MSS and negative ESBLs bacteria, and it can be served as an empiric therapy in nosocomial infection if the pathogenic bacteria and the drug - susceptibility results were not sure enough.