唐古拉山冬克玛底冰川作用区的水化学特征

The Hydrochemical Characteristics in the Dongkemadi Glacier Area, Tanggula Range

冬克玛底冰川附近地区是该冰川化学成分的主要来源区。冬克玛底河水及冰川上的新、老雪的矿化度、总碱度、总硬度的大小顺序是：河水＞老雪＞＞新雪。虽然它们都属淡水范畴，但新雪是中性偏酸的极软水，老雪是偏碱的极软水，河水则属碱性软水。其水化学类型基本上为ＨＣＯ３，ＳＯ４－Ｃａ和ＨＣＯ３－Ｃａ型，个别为ＨＣＯ３－Ｃａ，Ｎａ型。该地区水体的矿化度、总碱度。

Chemical materials in the Dongkemadi Glacier mainly originate in the neighbour area. The order of total concentration, hardness, alkalinity in the Dongkemadi River water as well as in new and old snow on the glacier is: River water > Old snow >> New snow. They are all fresh water, however, new snow is extreme soft water, neutro-acidic, old snow is extreme soft awater, neutro-alkaline, and river water is alkaline soft water. Their hydrochemical pattern generally is HCO_3 ,SO_4 -Ca or HCO_3 -Ca, and specially HCO_3 -Ca, Na. Total concentration, hardness or alkalinity of water increase with decreasing altitude in the area.